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Tariff update: Implications for pharmaceuticals and patient access

By Nicole Bitter, JD | September 12, 2025

New U.S. tariffs may raise drug costs and impact access. Employers and patients should prepare for shortages, price shifts and evolving trade policies affecting healthcare delivery.
Health and Benefits|Employee Wellbeing
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The Trump administration continues to advance key priorities outlined in its executive orders, including imposing tariffs on trade partners. In July, President Trump released letters to U.S. trade partners outlining intended tariffs effective August 1, 2025, with implementation beginning August 7, 2025. These rates remain fluid as negotiations continue with impacted countries.

While initial proposals included pharmaceutical tariffs as high as 250%, recent negotiations between the United States and the European Union resulted in a significant reduction, limiting pharmaceutical tariffs to 15%. However, future trade agreements and tariff policies remain uncertain.

The focus of the tariff policy is to safeguard domestic industries and penalize trade partners. The impact remains polarizing, with concerns about efficacy and consumer burden. Critics argue that domestic entities may raise prices or shift to less efficient production models due to global trade dependencies.

Pharmaceutical impact

  • Supply chains reliant on international trade may face disruptions, leading to higher drug prices and potential shortages.
  • Generic drug costs may rise, as many ingredients are imported from China and India.
  • Manufacturers may cease production of certain generics if tariffs reduce margins, affecting availability.
  • Expanding U.S. drug manufacturing could strengthen national security but will take years to realize.

Patient considerations

  • Higher out-of-pocket costs may reduce medication adherence, leading to poorer health outcomes.
  • Drug shortages may force providers to use alternative treatments that are less effective, less safe, or more expensive.
  • Maintaining a 90-day supply, via local or mail-order pharmacies, is a key strategy for continuity of care.
  • Patients should understand pharmacy-wholesaler relationships, as access may vary between locations. Planning ahead, especially for generics, is essential.

Staying ahead of supply and pricing volatility

As tariff policies evolve, the healthcare industry faces potential disruptions in cost, access and care quality. Employers, providers and patients should stay informed and proactive by monitoring supply chains, preparing for shortages and supporting strategies that ensure continuity of care. While long term domestic manufacturing may offer stability, short-term planning and communication will be critical to navigating this shifting landscape.

FAQ – Frequently asked questions

U.S. tariffs on imported goods can increase the cost of healthcare products, including medical devices, pharmaceuticals, and personal protective equipment. When tariffs are imposed on imported goods, manufacturers and distributors may pass these additional costs on to consumers, potentially making healthcare products more expensive. This can affect both individual consumers and healthcare providers who rely on these products.

Yes, tariffs on certain goods can indirectly impact employer-provided health benefits. If tariffs lead to increased costs for healthcare products or services, employers may face higher expenses for providing health insurance or maintaining healthcare facilities. This could potentially influence the structure or availability of health benefits offered by employers, although the exact impact will depend on various factors, including the specific tariffs imposed and the employer's overall benefits strategy.

Yes, there are certain tariff exemptions and considerations for health-related imports. For example, some medical devices and equipment may be eligible for reduced or eliminated tariffs under specific trade agreements or programs. Additionally, the U.S. government may grant exclusions or relief for certain healthcare-related products on a case-by-case basis. It's essential to consult relevant trade policies and regulations or seek guidance from trade experts to understand the current exemptions and considerations applicable to specific health-related imports.

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National Practice Leader,
Compliance, Audit and MHPAEA
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